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While eels are known to be sensitive to electromagnetic fields [17, 18, 19], our results provide the first evidence that they derive positional information from the Earth’s magnetic field. We show that juvenile European eels possess a magnetic map that allows them to modify their orientation to take advantage of consistent ocean circulation features along their marine migration route.

The otolith (ear stone or ear bone) is the most commonly used structure for determining the age of fish. Otoliths are calcium carbonate structures found inside the heads of bony fish; sharks and rays lack otoliths. Each fish has three pairs of otoliths, which vary in shape and size. Otoliths are part of the fish's inner ear, allowing fish to hear and sense vibrations in the water and providing a sense of balance so they may better navigate their surroundings.

Otoliths grow throughout a fish's life by accumulating material on the outer surface around a core.